Between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, among the Turks living in Tsarist Russia, there were reform movements in the field of education and religion in the western model, called "Usul-i Cedid". The Panslavism practices that started in the mid-1800s were effective in the emergence of these movements; The Turks, who remained in Tsarist Russia due to the compulsions for Russification and orthodoxy, turned to the idea of "returning to national values" in order to preserve their existence. At the beginning of the 20th century, social and cultural innovation movements started together with the fields of education and religion. In this period, the newspaper "Tercüman", published by İsmail Gaspıralı, who was the first practitioner of the method-i Cedid, acted as the spokesperson for this idea with the slogan "Unity in Language, Idea, and Work". In addition, there were some well-known intellectuals of the Turkish world who wrote in Tercüman. In this period, the 1905 Revolution took place in Tsarist Russia, which was defeated in the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War, so Tsar II. Nicholas had to accept a constitutional constitution and parliament (Duma). Thus, political parties were legalized and elections were held throughout the country. Under the leadership of the Jadidists, the Russian Turks held five congresses between 1905 and 1917 in order to elect their official representatives and to obtain religious, political and social rights. On the other hand, after the October 1917 Bolshevik revolution, many Turkish republics were established on the promise that the peoples within the borders of Russia would be given the right to self-determination. In this study, the connections between the Jadidists and the Turkish Republics established after the 1905-1917 Russian Muslims Congress and the Bolshevik Revolution will be discussed.